Quotes:
"Assets sales like Landmark, 1150 Broken Sound, and 320 park ave. The surplus dipped to under $300M in late 2024 w/out these sales. So, the current surplus is artificially propped up. Accounting tricks"
"The company really only has only 350,000 active contributing participants in group plans."
How is selling assets artificially propping up surplus. Answer they are not. What goes into Surplus is the Sale price over and above carried book value. Real money not artificial.
Secondly, 350,000 only in group plans? What about individual plans, there are many thousands.
Third: Accounting tricks? (see detail under " Why surplus is higher under GAAP"
Every company uses them,but what is not mentioned, the Balance Sheet is in compliance with statuary accounting,whereas on a GAAP basis the surplus would be higher. since the are charges against surplus such as A haircut on the Bonds /stocks and all invested assets (AVR) Which reduces surplus .Asset Valuation Reserve (AVR) is a statutory liability required under NAIC SSAP No. 7 for U.S. life and health insurance companies . It acts as a contingency reserve to absorb potential credit-related (default) losses and equity risk on invested assets, reducing surplus volatility
Another reserve that also reduces surplus is the IMR. The IMR captures and defers realized capital gains and losses (net of tax) on fixed-income investments (and certain related items) that arise from changes in the general level of interest rates. These amounts are then amortized into investment income over the approximate remaining life (or expected maturity) of the assets sold, rather than being recognized immediately in surplus or earnings.
Prepaid expenses also reduce surplus since statuary accounting requires the company to charge surplus.
So add back the IMR, Prepaid expenses, furniture/equipment, part of the AVR and other reserves required for Statuary Accounting and surplus would be higher under GAAP accounting.
Why surplus is higher under GAAP
Statutory Accounting Principles (SAP) are deliberately more conservative than GAAP. Their main goal is to protect policyholders by emphasizing solvency and liquidity (can the company pay claims if it stops writing new business tomorrow?). GAAP focuses more on matching revenues and expenses and showing the ongoing economic performance of a going-concern company for investors.Key differences that make statutory surplus lower (and therefore GAAP surplus/equity higher) include:Non-admitted assets
Under SAP, certain assets that cannot be readily converted to cash to pay claims (e.g., furniture, equipment, some deferred tax assets, prepaid expenses, certain receivables) are “non-admitted.” They are written off against surplus.
GAAP includes them as assets (subject to normal impairment/depreciation rules). This alone reduces statutory assets and surplus relative to GAAP.
Acquisition costs (DAC)
SAP usually requires more conservative (higher) reserves, often using prescribed tables, higher margins for adverse deviation, or undiscounted amounts in some cases. GAAP typically uses best-estimate assumptions with smaller margins. Higher liabilities under SAP reduce surplus.
Other conservative items Certain valuation reserves or provisions (e.g., Asset Valuation Reserve in life insurance) are charged directly to statutory surplus.
Timing of investment gains/losses and other items is often more conservative or smoothed differently under SAP.