Reasons lack of design quality are multiple: not having time to engineer, insufficient D&R experience, lack of process discipline, studio & marketing having too much control in content/complexity, managers who lack deep rooted technical expertise and are not accountable. In my 22 years at Ford, I'd only seen a handful of 5D's/8D's/6-Sigma projects which were truly well done. There is no incentive for those folks who put their head down and deliver, they get buried in the back room. Not all of them are management material, but recognizing and fostering their technical expertise with better salaries and opportunities to advance would be a nice start. Now every yahoo is an HTHD or "critical" skill. All of this is directly related to poor management.
Ford has no mentoring for its younger engineers. Youngsters are put on high profile programs and high impact systems with hardly a few years under their belt. They complete the program and move on, there is no cradle to grave ownership and learning from one's mistakes. Prevent recurrences are hardly ever well written and complete.
Past performance should be the basis for rewarding engineers, and even program CNE's, high profile programs. You start learning on a MCA/OPD program, not on a SuperDuty or F150. Was the Lightning a success? That CNE is now an LL2. How about the Explore CNE, who is now an LL2. A lot folks like that get the name and credit for work done by others and now move on to higher positions. What has new quality done?
Ford values style over substance. It is a very clique based company, know the right people and you will get opportunities.